COCONUT
RHINOCEROS
BEETLE
RESPONSE
About CRB
The Coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) is a destructive pest species that primarily targets coconut palms and other palm species. Native to Southeast Asia, it has spread to many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including Hawaiʻi. The beetle was first detected on the island of O'ahu in December 2013. Adult beetles are large, usually dark brown or black, with a characteristic horn on their heads. They feed on the tender tissues of coconut palms, causing damage to growing tips, frond bases, and even the heart of the palm. This feeding activity weakens the palm, making it more susceptible to other pests and diseases and ultimately leading to stunted growth, reduced yield, and in severe cases, palm death.
CRB Host Plants
When out of their native range, CRB populations can have devastating impacts on palm species that are foundational to cultural heritage, agriculture, ecosystems, and economies.
Primary Food Sources
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Secondary Food Sources
CRB are not host-specific; if their primary food sources are unavailable, they feed on other palms and other agriculturally and culturally important plants.
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Other Food Sources
CRB can also feed on many other palm species. Ongoing research at the University of Hawaiʻi is exploring other potential food sources in Hawaiʻi. A more comprehensive list of hosts can also be found here.
CRB Breeding
CRB breeding sites are typically established in decaying plant material like mulch, compost, decomposing stumps, or felled trees. After hatching from eggs, larvae begin feeding on the decomposing material. After growing through three larval stages, called instars, larvae pupate and emerge as an adult, leaving the breeding site. CRB spend roughly 5.5 months growing from an egg to an adult, and about 3 - 5 months as an adult.
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